11 November 2025

Inherent Risk (IR)

Inherent Risk (IR)
  • The natural risk that an account will be misstated before considering any controls.
  • Depends on the nature of the business and the account.
  • Higher when:
    • Complex transactions
    • Estimations (e.g. allowance for doubtful debts)
    • Cash-based businesses, easily stolen
Example: Inventory in a fashion store (risk of obsolete stock) → high inherent risk.

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